The heart is one of the first organs to form during fetal development. With maturation its main function begins to bring oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body to cells, tissues and organs, in order to nourish them, and to receive blood loaded with carbon dioxide to be sent to the lungs where the exchange with the oxygen.
The heart is one of the first organs to form during fetal development. With maturation begins its main function of carrying the red blood to the rest of the body, a cells, tissues and organs, so as to nuffifli, and receive the blood laden with carbon dioxide with oxygen.
The heart needs be fed. This function belongs to the coronary arteries that to be sent to the lungs where the scami starts they supply the heart muscle with oxygen.
When the myocardium does not come sprayed completely or mon is sprayed sufficiently, due to a narrowing of the coronary and other / concomitant factors, the heart and its tissues suffer from the lack of or oxygen. In these cases we speak of myocardial ischemia which takes the form of the feared myocardial infarction. Other pathologies that can affect the heart are of origin inflammatory / valve lesions and nerve conduction problems such as arrhythmia.
You lack it heart failure is the leading cause of death and hospitalization in countries industrialized. In this context, nutrition and nutritional therapy have taken on more and more importance, representing an important means of prevention. The supplements food, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and amino acids essential, demonstrated an improvement in prognosis and capacity, respectively extensively studied in recent years functional.
The cardiomyocyte is a muscle cell that possesses the ability to maintain function contractile when metabolic conditions change. In a healthy heart, under normal conditions physiological, contractile function is supported by the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), derived mainly from the oxidation of fatty acids (60% -90%), from glucose (30% -40%) and in minor contribution from lactate, ketones, amino acids and pyruvate.
Plasma availability of amino acids (AA) is crucial for the normal functioning of the heart. Cardiovascular diseases are associated with a defect in heart metabolism Availability pla AA with repercussions on their circulating levels. In patients with chronic heart failure it is in fact, a reduced plasma concentration of essential amino acids was observed (EAA). The clinical result appears to derive from an amino acid hypereatabolism in the tissue myocardial associated with high levels of oxidative stress and profound metabolic changes a load of the heart.
Chronic heart failure involves changes in muscle physiology include a decrease in the number of type I muscle fibers, a decrease in oxidative capacity, a reduction in mitochondrial volume within muscle fibers, a reduction in enzymes required for aerobic metabolism and an increase in enzymes glycolytics. Chronic heart failure patients are also more likely to suffer from muscle wasting and reduced strength, a condition referred to as sarcopenia.
Several scientific works have highlighted how the adoption of an isocaloric and protein-rich diet (1.3g / kg / day) is not sufficient to restore the normal plasma level of EAA in subjects with heart failure, therefore daily ingestion protein must be supplemented with EAA-based supplements.
EAAs act on the metabolism of proteins both with direct and indirect mechanisms; They stimulate protein synthesis and inhibit the proteolis of tissues, including muscles skeletal, heart, liver and pancreatic beta cells. EAAs can promote synthesis protein regardless of insulin, a very important factor for those who are insulin resistant.
The rationale behind the use of EAAs derives from the documented ability of amino acids to regulate protein turnover by acting on protein metabolism, increasing metabolism and increasing the biological activities of anabolic hormones such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
The heart, unlike the other muscles, is involuntary and can never stop its search energy. There is no one-size-fits-all food protocol sufficient to maintain the our muscle in perfect shape. Nutrition education lays the foundation for maintenance health status and integration with EAA is essential for energy demand and for the construction of proteins with structural and functional function.
